一、大学英语语法总结之8种时态
1.一般如今时标明平常常常的、习气性的动作，描绘平常地址的状况，表达平常存在的特征、有规则的状况等。Eg. I drink water every day. 我每天都喝水。（习气性动作）Eg. She has a beautiful sister. 她有一个秀丽的姐姐。（平常的特征）Eg. The moon goes around the earth. 月亮绕着地球转。（规则的状况）2.如今进行时标明正在发生的动作。常常用到的规划有be doing sth. 常和now, look, listen这些词连用。Eg. She is dancing. 她正在跳舞。3.一般曩昔时由谓语动词的曩昔式标明，也就是说动词词末要加-ed(除不规则动词外)。常和一般曩昔时连用的曩昔时刻状语有：last night (week ,month , year , century , etc.) , yesterday ,yesterday morning (afternoon , evening) , in 1999 , two hours ago等等。4.一般将来时望文生义，标明将来要发生的动作或方案。规划有主语+will+动词原形和主语+be going to do。Eg. I will go to the zoo in this weekend. 这个周末我即将去动物园。Eg. Lisa is going to have dinner. 莉莎马上要吃晚饭了。5.如今结束时标明曩昔现已结束的动刁难如今构成影响或成果。Eg. I have watched that movie. 我现已看过那部影片了。6.曩昔进行时标明曩昔某个时刻或时刻段正在进行的作业或动作。规划是was/were+如今分词。Eg. What was he doing at home last night? 昨日晚上他在家干啥？
7.曩昔将来时标明曩昔的某时今后即将发生的动作。Eg. He didn't expect that we would all be there. 他没料到咱们会全在那儿。8.曩昔结束时标明在曩昔某一时刻或动作之前现已发生或结束了的动作，也就是“曩昔的曩昔”。首要规划是助动词 had +曩昔分词，had 通用于各种人称。Eg. She had finished writing the report by 9：00 this morning. 今日早晨9点之前，她现已写完了陈述。
二.介词分类：
1 简略介词about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on
2 组成介词inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, 
upon, within, without
3 短语介词according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to
4 两层介词from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between
5 分词转化成的介词considering(就而论), including
6 描述词转化成的介词like, unlike, near, next, opposite
三.动词的时态：
1. 动词的时态一共有16种，以ask为例，将其各种时态的构成方法列表如下：
如今时 曩昔时 将来时 曩昔将来时
一般 ask / asks asked shall/will ask should/would ask
进行 am/is/are asking was/were asking shall/will be asking should/would be asking
结束 have/has asked had asked shall/will have asked should/would have asked
结束进行 have/has been asking had been asking shall/will have been asking should/would have been asking
2. 如今结束时与一般曩昔时的差异：
1) 如今结束时标明曩昔发生的动作或存在的情况，但和如今有联络，偏重的是对如今构成的影响或成果，它不能同标明曩昔的时刻状语连用，汉译英时可加“现已”等词。简言之，使用曩昔，阐明如今。如：
I
have already read the novel written by the world-famous writer. (现已看过，且晓得这本书的内容)
2) 一般曩昔时只标明曩昔发生的动作或状况，和如今无关，它可和标明曩昔的时刻状语连用，汉译英时可加“过”，“了”等词。简言之，仅谈曩昔，不关如今。如：
I read the novel last month. (只阐明上个月看了，不触及如今是不是记住)
I lived in Beijing for ten years.（只阐明在北京住过十年，与如今无关）
3. 如今结束时与如今结束进行时的差异：
两者都可以标明“从曩昔初步一向持续到如今”，在意义上如偏重标明动作的成果时，多用如今结束时，如偏重标明动作一向在进行，即动作的连续性时，则多用如今结束进行时。一般不能用于进行时的动词也不能用于如今结束进行时。
I have read that book.我读过那本书了。
I have been reading that book all the morning. 我早上一向在读那本书。
4. 一般将来时的表达方法：
将来时 用法 例句
1 will/shall+动词原形 标明将来发生的动作或存在的状况 My sister will be ten next year.
2 be going to+动词原形 富含“方案，方案，即将”做某事，或标明很有可以要发生某事 It’s going to clear up.We’re going to have a party tonight.
3 be + doing 进行时标明将来 go, come, start, move, leave, arrive等词可用进行时标明按方案即将发生的动作 He is moving to the south.Are they leaving for Europe?
4 be about to + 动词原形 标明组织或方案中的马上就要发生的动作，后边一般不跟时刻状语 I was about to leave when the bell rang.The meeting is about to close.
5 be to + 动词原形 标明按方案进行或寻求对方定见 We’re to meet at the school gate at noon.
6 一般如今时标明将来 时刻表上或日程组织上早就定好的作业，可用一般如今时标明将来 The meeting starts at five o’clock.The plane leaves at ten this evening